Materials Used In The Chassis And Body Components Of A Vehicle

The way the body of a car is made depends entirely on the manufacturer's considerations with regards to the legislation, regulation, the kind of components that are going into it, and much more. These materials ultimately decide how safe the car is and is also a big factor in the decision of what their final price will be. Today, we'll be looking at the materials that are being used by car manufacturers around the world right now.

Why is it important to have the right materials for building a car's chassis and body?

Broadly speaking, there are four main factors that are considered by carmakers:

1. Weight: The efficiency of a car depends a lot on its weight. Manufacturers are always looking to make their vehicles more efficient. Such cars not only appeal to more people but also reduce their emissions and contribute to the environment.
2. Economics: Cost is one of the most important consumer-driven factors in the automotive industry. It determines whether new a material is worthy of replacing an old one when it comes to the construction of a car.
3. Safety: Any material chosen for the building of a car's chassis and body must be able to absorb a certain amount of impact for keeping the passengers safe. This makes safety a big factor in choosing the kind of materials to be used in the construction of a car.
4. Recycling: Protecting the environment is a hugely important issue that the automotive industry is concerned with right now. This has led to several regulations and self-regulations with regard to the types of materials used in the manufacturing of cars.

Materials used to build the chassis and body of a car:

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1. Steel: Steel is used for the construction of the body mainly due to its thermal, chemical, or mechanical resistance. Steel also offers plenty of manufacturing efficiency and durability. Moreover, improvements in the development of steel worldwide have made the material stronger, and more lightweight than ever before.

2. Aluminium: Aluminium is widely used for building the chassis and body structure of a car as it has a low weight and high energy absorption. It is also resistant to corrosion which is a big advantage. Aluminium castings are used for pistons, cylinder heads, intake manifolds, and transmission as well.

3. Magnesium: Magnesium is 33% lighter than aluminium and 75% lighter than steel, making it great for use in modern cars. However, components made from this material need to have a unique design for utilisation in automotive products. That's because it has a lower tensile strength, fatigue strength, and creep strength compared to aluminium.

4. Advanced composite materials: Automotive manufacturers also use fibre-reinforced composites as they tend to save a lot of weight due to their low density.

5. Carbon fibre epoxy composites: Many racing car manufacturers prefer carbon fibre epoxy composites owing to their high strength and low weight ratio.

6. Glass fibre composites: Not only are glass fibre composites corrosion-free but also lighter than steel and aluminium. They are even easy to be shaped.